本篇文章给大家分享的是有关如何使用Kafka的High Level Consumer,小编觉得挺实用的,因此分享给大家学习,希望大家阅读完这篇文章后可以有所收获,话不多说,跟着小编一起来看看吧。
为什么使用High Level Consumer
在某些应用场景,我们希望通过多线程读取消息,而我们并不关心从Kafka消费消息的顺序,我们仅仅关心数据能被消费就行。High Level 就是用于抽象这类消费动作的。
消息消费已Consumer Group为单位,每个Consumer Group中可以有多个consumer,每个consumer是一个线程,topic的每个partition同时只能被某一个consumer读取,Consumer Group对应的每个partition都有一个最新的offset的值,存储在zookeeper上的。所以不会出现重复消费的情况。
设计High Level Consumer High Level Consumer 可以并且应该被使用在多线程的环境,线程模型中线程的数量(也代表group中consumer的数量)和topic的partition数量有关,下面列举一些规则:
当提供的线程数量多于partition的数量,则部分线程将不会接收到消息;
当提供的线程数量少于partition的数量,则部分线程将从多个partition接收消息;
当某个线程从多个partition接收消息时,不保证接收消息的顺序;可能出现从partition3接收5条消息,从partition4接收6条消息,接着又从partition3接收10条消息;
当添加更多线程时,会引起kafka做re-balance, 可能改变partition和线程的对应关系。
代码示例 ConsumerGroupExample
package com.test.groups;
import kafka.consumer.ConsumerConfig;
import kafka.consumer.KafkaStream;
import kafka.javaapi.consumer.ConsumerConnector;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Properties;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
public class ConsumerGroupExample {
private final ConsumerConnector consumer;
private final String topic;
private ExecutorService executor;
public ConsumerGroupExample(String a_zookeeper, String a_groupId, String a_topic) {
consumer = kafka.consumer.Consumer.createJavaConsumerConnector(
createConsumerConfig(a_zookeeper, a_groupId));
this.topic = a_topic;
}
public void shutdown() {
if (consumer != null) consumer.shutdown();
if (executor != null) executor.shutdown();
}
public void run(int a_numThreads) {
Map<String, Integer> topicCountMap = new HashMap<String, Integer>();
topicCountMap.put(topic, new Integer(a_numThreads));
Map<String, List<KafkaStream<byte[], byte[]>>> consumerMap = consumer.createMessageStreams(topicCountMap);
List<KafkaStream<byte[], byte[]>> streams = consumerMap.get(topic);
// now launch all the threads
//
executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(a_numThreads);
// now create an object to consume the messages
//
int threadNumber = 0;
for (final KafkaStream stream : streams) {
executor.submit(new ConsumerTest(stream, threadNumber));
threadNumber++;
}
}
private static ConsumerConfig createConsumerConfig(String a_zookeeper, String a_groupId) {
Properties props = new Properties();
props.put("zookeeper.connect", a_zookeeper);
props.put("group.id", a_groupId);
props.put("zookeeper.session.timeout.ms", "400");
props.put("zookeeper.sync.time.ms", "200");
props.put("auto.commit.interval.ms", "1000");
return new ConsumerConfig(props);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
String zooKeeper = args[0];
String groupId = args[1];
String topic = args[2];
int threads = Integer.parseInt(args[3]);
ConsumerGroupExample example = new ConsumerGroupExample(zooKeeper, groupId, topic);
example.run(threads);
try {
Thread.sleep(10000);
} catch (InterruptedException ie) {
}
example.shutdown();
}
}
ConsumerTest
package com.test.groups;
import kafka.consumer.ConsumerIterator;
import kafka.consumer.KafkaStream;
public class ConsumerTest implements Runnable {
private KafkaStream m_stream;
private int m_threadNumber;
public ConsumerTest(KafkaStream a_stream, int a_threadNumber) {
m_threadNumber = a_threadNumber;
m_stream = a_stream;
}
public void run() {
ConsumerIterator<byte[], byte[]> it = m_stream.iterator();
while (it.hasNext())
System.out.println("Thread " + m_threadNumber + ": " + new String(it.next().message()));
System.out.println("Shutting down Thread: " + m_threadNumber);
}
}
以上就是如何使用Kafka的High Level Consumer,小编相信有部分知识点可能是我们日常工作会见到或用到的。希望你能通过这篇文章学到更多知识。更多详情敬请关注天达云行业资讯频道。