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Mysql5.6.22双向复制+KeepAlived如何配置mysql的高可用
更新：HHH   时间：2023-1-7

小编给大家分享一下Mysql5.6.22双向复制+KeepAlived如何配置mysql的高可用，希望大家阅读完这篇文章之后都有所收获，下面让我们一起去探讨吧！

1. 基础安装环境  ，采用mysql5.6.22和keepalived-1.2.15版本安装mysql高可用

此处)折叠或打开

  1. [root@xxt01 ~]# groupadd mysql

  2. [root@xxt01 ~]#useradd -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin -d /opt/mysql mysql

2.3  检查 mysql账号

此处

)折叠或打开

  1. [root@xxt01 ~]#mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql

  2. [root@xxt01 ~]#mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/data

 2.4.1 执行cmake：       

此处

)折叠或打开

  1. mysql> show master status;

  2. +---------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+

  3. | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |

  4. +---------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+

  5. | mysql-binlog.000002 | 624556 | | | |

  6. +---------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+

  7. 1 row in set (0.00 sec)


  9. mysql>

    master 同步操作，参数Slave_IO_Running和Slave_SQL_Running为YES时表示成功，同时无其他错误

点击(此处)折叠或打开

  1. mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'slave'@'10.6.0.203' identified by '123456';

  2. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)


  4. mysql>  flush privileges;

  5. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)


  7. mysql> change master to master_host='10.6.0.204',master_user='slave',master_password='123456',master_log_file='mysql-binlog.000002',master_log_pos=624556;

  8. Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.01 sec)


  10. mysql> start slave;

  11. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

  12. mysql> show slave status\G;
    *************************** 1. row ***************************
                   Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                      Master_Host: 10.6.0.204
                      Master_User: slave
                      Master_Port: 3306
                    Connect_Retry: 60
                  Master_Log_File: mysql-binlog.000002
              Read_Master_Log_Pos: 624556
                   Relay_Log_File: xxt01-relay-bin.000002
                    Relay_Log_Pos: 286
            Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-binlog.000002
                 Slave_IO_Running: Yes
                Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
                  Replicate_Do_DB: 
              Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
               Replicate_Do_Table: 
           Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
          Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                       Last_Errno: 0
                       Last_Error: 
                     Skip_Counter: 0
              Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 624556
                  Relay_Log_Space: 459
                  Until_Condition: None
                   Until_Log_File: 
                    Until_Log_Pos: 0
               Master_SSL_Allowed: No
               Master_SSL_CA_File: 
               Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
                  Master_SSL_Cert: 
                Master_SSL_Cipher: 
                   Master_SSL_Key: 
            Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
    Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                    Last_IO_Errno: 0
                    Last_IO_Error: 
                   Last_SQL_Errno: 0
                   Last_SQL_Error: 
      Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
                 Master_Server_Id: 2
                      Master_UUID: aa208c56-216f-11e6-ace3-000c29065661
                 Master_Info_File: /usr/local/mysql/data/master.info
                        SQL_Delay: 0
              SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
          Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
               Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                      Master_Bind: 
          Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
         Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
                   Master_SSL_Crl: 
               Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
               Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 
                Executed_Gtid_Set: 
                    Auto_Position: 0
    1 row in set (0.00 sec)


4.配置keepalived ，实现主从自动切换 
    原理：keepalived用来解决单点故障，提供vrrp（虚拟路由冗余协议）以及healthcheck功能，提供一个vip虚拟ip；
    keepalived的作用是检测服务器的状态，当其中一台服务器出现问题，则将它从组中剔除，恢复后再将它加进来

    服务安装，同时保持master和slave服务配置相同。

点击(此处)折叠或打开

  1. [root@xxt01 ~]# tar zxf keepalived-1.2.15.tar.gz

  2. [root@xxt01 keepalived-1.2.15]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived

  3. [root@xxt01 keepalived-1.2.15]# make && make install

  4. [root@xxt01 etc]# cp -a /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived  /etc/init.d/

  5. [root@xxt01 etc]# cp -a /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/

  6. [root@xxt01 etc]#   mkdir /etc/keepalived/

  7. [root@xxt01 etc]# cp -a /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/

  8. [root@xxt01 etc]# cp -a /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/

4.1 修改203的 /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf 文件

点击(此处)折叠或打开

  1. ! Configuration File for keepalived


  3. global_defs {

  4. notification_email {

  5. acassen@firewall.loc

  6. failover@firewall.loc

  7. sysadmin@firewall.loc

  8. }

  9. notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc

  10. smtp_server 192.168.200.1

  11. smtp_connect_timeout 30

  12. router_id LVS_DEVEL

  13. }


  15. vrrp_instance VI_1 {

  16. state MASTER

  17. interface eth0

  18. virtual_router_id 51

  19. priority 100

  20. advert_int 1

  21. authentication {

  22. auth_type PASS

  23. auth_pass 1111

  24. }

  25. virtual_ipaddress {

  26. 10.6.0.205

  27. }

  28. }


  30. # set mysqld

  31. virtual_server 10.6.0.205 3306 {

  32. delay_loop 6

  33. lb_algo wrr

  34. lb_kind DR

  35. persistence_timeout 50

  36. protocol TCP


  38. real_server 10.6.0.203 3306 {

  39. weight 3

  40. notify_down /etc/keepalived/killkeepalived.sh

  41. TCP_CHECK {

  42. connect_timeout 10

  43. nb_get_retry 3

  44. delay_before_retry 3

  45. connect_port 3306

  46. }

  47. }

  48. }

4.2配置 killkeepalived.sh

点击(此处)折叠或打开

  1. [root@xxt01 etc]# vi /etc/keepalived/killkeepalived.sh

  2. #!/bin/sh

  3. pkill keepalived

4.3 分别检查mater和slave的 /var/log/message日志，分别做启停mysqld服务测试，信息如下表示服务正常。

点击(此处)折叠或打开

  1. 203 master 服务器

  2. May 24 15:47:38 xxt01 Keepalived_vrrp[14242]: Configuration is using : 63545 Bytes

  3. May 24 15:47:38 xxt01 Keepalived_vrrp[14242]: Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector...

  4. May 24 15:47:38 xxt01 Keepalived_vrrp[14242]: VRRP sockpool: [ifindex(2), proto(112), unicast(0), fd(10,11)]

  5. May 24 15:47:38 xxt01 Keepalived_healthcheckers[14241]: Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector...

  6. May 24 15:47:38 xxt01 Keepalived_healthcheckers[14241]: Activating healthchecker for service [10.6.0.203]:3306

  7. May 24 15:47:39 xxt01 Keepalived_vrrp[14242]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Transition to MASTER STATE

  8. May 24 15:47:40 xxt01 Keepalived_vrrp[14242]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering MASTER STATE

  9. May 24 15:47:40 xxt01 Keepalived_vrrp[14242]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) setting protocol VIPs.

  10. May 24 15:47:40 xxt01 Keepalived_healthcheckers[14241]: Netlink reflector reports IP 10.6.0.205 added

  11. May 24 15:47:40 xxt01 Keepalived_vrrp[14242]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 10.6.0.205

  12. May 24 15:47:45 xxt01 Keepalived_vrrp[14242]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 10.6.0.205

  13. May 24 15:56:27 xxt01 Keepalived_vrrp[14242]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Received higher prio advert

  14. May 24 15:56:27 xxt01 Keepalived_vrrp[14242]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering BACKUP STATE

  15. May 24 15:56:27 xxt01 Keepalived_vrrp[14242]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) removing protocol VIPs.

  16. May 24 15:56:27 xxt01 Keepalived_healthcheckers[14241]: Netlink reflector reports IP 10.6.0.205 removed

  17. May 24 16:01:28 xxt01 Keepalived_vrrp[14242]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Transition to MASTER STATE

  18. May 24 16:01:29 xxt01 Keepalived_vrrp[14242]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering MASTER STATE

  19. May 24 16:01:29 xxt01 Keepalived_vrrp[14242]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) setting protocol VIPs.

  20. May 24 16:01:29 xxt01 Keepalived_vrrp[14242]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 10.6.0.205

  21. May 24 16:01:29 xxt01 Keepalived_healthcheckers[14241]: Netlink reflector reports IP 10.6.0.205 added

  22. May 24 16:01:34 xxt01 Keepalived_vrrp[14242]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 10.6.0.205

  23. May 24 16:08:36 xxt01 Keepalived_vrrp[14242]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Received higher prio advert

  24. May 24 16:08:36 xxt01 Keepalived_vrrp[14242]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering BACKUP STATE

  25. May 24 16:08:36 xxt01 Keepalived_vrrp[14242]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) removing protocol VIPs.

  26. May 24 16:08:36 xxt01 Keepalived_healthcheckers[14241]: Netlink reflector reports IP 10.6.0.205 removed


  28. 204 slave 服务器

  29. May 24 16:08:36 xxt02 Keepalived[15014]: Starting Keepalived v1.2.15 (05/24,2016)

  30. May 24 16:08:36 xxt02 Keepalived[15015]: Starting Healthcheck child process, pid=15016

  31. May 24 16:08:36 xxt02 Keepalived[15015]: Starting VRRP child process, pid=15017

  32. May 24 16:08:36 xxt02 Keepalived_healthcheckers[15016]: Netlink reflector reports IP 10.6.0.204 added

  33. May 24 16:08:36 xxt02 Keepalived_healthcheckers[15016]: Netlink reflector reports IP fe80::20c:29ff:fe06:5661 added

  34. May 24 16:08:36 xxt02 Keepalived_healthcheckers[15016]: Registering Kernel netlink reflector

  35. May 24 16:08:36 xxt02 Keepalived_healthcheckers[15016]: Registering Kernel netlink command channel

  36. May 24 16:08:36 xxt02 Keepalived_vrrp[15017]: Netlink reflector reports IP 10.6.0.204 added

  37. May 24 16:08:36 xxt02 Keepalived_vrrp[15017]: Netlink reflector reports IP fe80::20c:29ff:fe06:5661 added

  38. May 24 16:08:36 xxt02 Keepalived_vrrp[15017]: Registering Kernel netlink reflector

  39. May 24 16:08:36 xxt02 Keepalived_healthcheckers[15016]: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.

  40. May 24 16:08:36 xxt02 Keepalived_vrrp[15017]: Registering Kernel netlink command channel

  41. May 24 16:08:36 xxt02 Keepalived_healthcheckers[15016]: Configuration is using : 11978 Bytes

  42. May 24 16:08:36 xxt02 Keepalived_vrrp[15017]: Registering gratuitous ARP shared channel

  43. May 24 16:08:36 xxt02 Keepalived_vrrp[15017]: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.

  44. May 24 16:08:36 xxt02 Keepalived_vrrp[15017]: Configuration is using : 63545 Bytes

  45. May 24 16:08:36 xxt02 Keepalived_vrrp[15017]: Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector...

  46. May 24 16:08:36 xxt02 Keepalived_healthcheckers[15016]: Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector...

  47. May 24 16:08:36 xxt02 Keepalived_healthcheckers[15016]: Activating healthchecker for service [10.6.0.204]:3306

  48. May 24 16:08:36 xxt02 Keepalived_vrrp[15017]: VRRP sockpool: [ifindex(2), proto(112), unicast(0), fd(10,11)]

  49. May 24 16:08:36 xxt02 Keepalived_vrrp[15017]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Transition to MASTER STATE

  50. May 24 16:08:36 xxt02 Keepalived_vrrp[15017]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Received lower prio advert, forcing new election

  51. May 24 16:08:37 xxt02 Keepalived_vrrp[15017]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering MASTER STATE

  52. May 24 16:08:37 xxt02 Keepalived_vrrp[15017]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) setting protocol VIPs.

  53. May 24 16:08:37 xxt02 Keepalived_healthcheckers[15016]: Netlink reflector reports IP 10.6.0.205 added

  54. May 24 16:08:37 xxt02 Keepalived_vrrp[15017]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 10.6.0.205

  55. May 24 16:08:42 xxt02 Keepalived_vrrp[15017]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 10.6.0.205

  56. May 24 16:10:14 xxt02 yum[15023]: Installed: 2:nmap-5.51-3.el6.x86_64

4.4 检查服务

点击(此处)折叠或打开

  1. [root@xxt01 mysql]# nmap 10.6.0.205


  3. Starting Nmap 5.51 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2016-05-24 16:14 CST

  4. mass_dns: warning: Unable to determine any DNS servers. Reverse DNS is disabled. Try using --system-dns or specify valid servers with --dns-servers

  5. Nmap scan report for 10.6.0.205

  6. Host is up (0.00029s latency).

  7. Not shown: 998 closed ports

  8. PORT     STATE SERVICE

  9. 111/tcp  open  rpcbind

  10. 3306/tcp open  mysql

  11. MAC Address: 00:0C:29:06:56:61 (VMware)


  13. Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 1.21 seconds

  14. [root@xxt01 mysql]# nmap 10.6.0.203


  16. Starting Nmap 5.51 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2016-05-24 16:15 CST

  17. mass_dns: warning: Unable to determine any DNS servers. Reverse DNS is disabled. Try using --system-dns or specify valid servers with --dns-servers

  18. Nmap scan report for 10.6.0.203

  19. Host is up (0.0000050s latency).

  20. Not shown: 998 closed ports

  21. PORT     STATE SERVICE

  22. 111/tcp  open  rpcbind

  23. 3306/tcp open  mysql


  25. Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 0.08 seconds

  26. [root@xxt01 mysql]#



  29. [root@xxt01 mysql]# nmap 10.6.0.205


  31. Starting Nmap 5.51 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2016-05-24 16:14 CST

  32. mass_dns: warning: Unable to determine any DNS servers. Reverse DNS is disabled. Try using --system-dns or specify valid servers with --dns-servers

  33. Nmap scan report for 10.6.0.205

  34. Host is up (0.00029s latency).

  35. Not shown: 998 closed ports

  36. PORT     STATE SERVICE

  37. 111/tcp  open  rpcbind

  38. 3306/tcp open  mysql

  39. MAC Address: 00:0C:29:06:56:61 (VMware)


  41. Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 1.21 seconds

  42. [root@xxt01 mysql]# nmap 10.6.0.203


  44. Starting Nmap 5.51 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2016-05-24 16:15 CST

  45. mass_dns: warning: Unable to determine any DNS servers. Reverse DNS is disabled. Try using --system-dns or specify valid servers with --dns-servers

  46. Nmap scan report for 10.6.0.203

  47. Host is up (0.0000050s latency).

  48. Not shown: 998 closed ports

  49. PORT     STATE SERVICE

  50. 111/tcp  open  rpcbind

  51. 3306/tcp open  mysql


  53. Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 0.08 seconds

  54. [root@xxt01 mysql]#

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