方法一
如果是centos

# cat /etc/centos-release
Centos release 6.8 (Final)
# cat /etc/redhat-release
Centos release 6.8 (Final)

 
如果是Ubuntu

#cat /etc/lsb-release

 
如果是SUSE Linux

# cat /etc/SuSE-release
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 (x86_64)
VERSION = 11
PATCHLEVEL = 3

 
方法二（针对centos适用）

# rpm -q centos-release

 
方法三（其他常规方法）

uname -a
cat /proc/verison
cat /etc/issue